Anita Leocádia Prestes (born 27 November 1936 in Berlin) is a Brazilian historian. She is the daughter of communist militants Olga Benário Prestes and Luís Carlos Prestes. She was born in the Barnimstraße womens' jail run by Gestapo in Berlin and was handed to the care of her paternal grandmother, Leocádia Prestes, at age 14 months. Her mother Olga was sent to Ravensbrück concentration camp and from there to an experimental extermination camp set up at an old psychiatric hospital in Bernburg Euthanasia Centre in 1942, where she was gassed. Anita followed throughout her entire life the footsteps of her parents.